Liikunnan

Liikunta is the Finnish term for physical activity and exercise. It encompasses all bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that increases energy expenditure. In everyday language, liikunta covers both informal daily movement—such as walking, cycling, and chores—and structured exercise, sport, or training. In public health and education contexts, liikunta is used to describe health-enhancing physical activity and the broader field of physical education and sport, including policies aimed at promoting participation across ages and socioeconomic groups.

Components and guidelines: Physical activity is commonly categorized into aerobic activity, strength training, and flexibility or balance work. Health authorities recommend, for adults, at least about 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week or an equivalent combination, plus muscle-strengthening exercises on two or more days. Children and young people have higher targets, emphasizing regular daily movement and several sessions of more vigorous activity weekly. Exact recommendations vary by country but share the goal of reducing sedentary time.

Health effects: Regular liikunta reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, and obesity; it supports mental health, sleep, and cognitive function; and it helps maintain functional ability with age.

Education and society: In Finland, physical education is part of the national curriculum and aims to develop motor skills, health literacy, and lifelong participation in movement. Beyond schools, municipalities, clubs, and associations provide opportunities for people of all ages to engage in sport and recreational activities. Access, safety, and inclusive practice are central considerations.

Promotion and research: Public health initiatives focus on reducing barriers to participation, improving infrastructure for walking and cycling, and offering affordable programs for families, older adults, and marginalized groups. The study of liikunta intersects with sports science, public health, and social policy to understand how movement influences health and well-being.