Liigesepõletik

Liigesepõletik, or arthritis, is a general term for conditions that affect the joints. It is characterized by inflammation within one or more joints, leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion. There are many different types of arthritis, each with its own causes and progression.

The most common form is osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease that occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of bones wears down over time. This often affects weight-bearing joints such as knees, hips, and the spine. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the joints, causing inflammation and damage. Gout is another type, caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling, and redness.

Symptoms of liigesepõletik can vary widely depending on the specific type and the joints affected. However, common signs include joint pain, stiffness that is often worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity, swelling, redness, and warmth around the affected joint. Fatigue can also be a significant symptom, particularly in inflammatory types of arthritis.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, blood tests to check for inflammation markers or specific antibodies, and imaging studies such as X-rays, MRIs, or ultrasounds to assess joint damage.

Treatment aims to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and preserve joint function. This can include pain medications, anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy to improve strength and flexibility, and in some cases, surgery to repair or replace damaged joints. Lifestyle modifications such as weight management and regular exercise can also play a crucial role in managing the condition.