Lethem

Lethem is a town located in the Upper Takutu‑Upper Essequibo Region of Guyana. It lies near the Mazaruni River at the border with Brazil and serves as the administrative center for the region. The town’s elevation is approximately 138 metres above sea level and it is situated within the tropical rainforest climate zone, characterised by high temperatures and significant rainfall throughout the year.

Established during the early 20th century, Lethem grew around the trans‑border trade with Brazil and the expansion of the gold and timber industries in the surrounding area. The arrival of the East Pacific Railway in 1926 connected the town to larger markets, albeit the railroad was dismantled in the latter part of the 20th century. In 1961, Lethem was designated as the capital of the newly formed Upper Takutu‑Upper Essequibo Region, a status that reinforced its importance as a regional hub.

The population of Lethem is diverse, consisting of indigenous peoples (primarily Iwokrama and Wapishana), African‑descendant Guyanese, and a small number of Brazilian immigrants. The town’s economy is predominantly driven by commerce, tourism, and cross‑border trade. Lethem is also a gateway to the Iwokrama Rainforest Reserve, attracting ecotourism activities such as guided forest treks, wildlife viewing, and cultural exchanges.

Key facilities include a regional courthouse, a hospital, educational institutions from primary to secondary level, and a local radio station that broadcasts in both English and indigenous languages. Infrastructure improvements over recent decades have focused on road connectivity, particularly the development of the Lethem–Brazil border crossing, which has facilitated increased trade and movement of people.