Leitungsstörungen

Leitungsstörungen refers to disturbances or blockages in the electrical conduction system of the heart. These abnormalities can manifest in various ways, affecting the heart's rhythm and its ability to pump blood effectively. The primary cause is often damage to the heart muscle, which can result from conditions such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), cardiomyopathy, or congenital heart defects. Inflammation of the heart, as seen in myocarditis, can also disrupt electrical pathways.

Symptoms of Leitungsstörungen can range from mild to severe. Some individuals may experience no noticeable symptoms, while others might suffer from palpitations, dizziness, fainting (syncope), or shortness of breath. In more serious cases, these disturbances can lead to a significant reduction in cardiac output, potentially resulting in heart failure or even sudden cardiac arrest.

Diagnosis typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG), which records the heart's electrical activity and can identify specific patterns indicative of conduction problems. Further investigations like Holter monitoring, event recorders, or electrophysiological studies may be employed to pinpoint the exact location and nature of the disturbance. Treatment strategies are tailored to the underlying cause and the severity of the Leitungsstörung. This can include medications to regulate heart rhythm, pacemakers to restore a normal heartbeat, or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for individuals at high risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. Lifestyle modifications and addressing underlying cardiovascular conditions are also crucial components of management.