Legionellabakterier

Legionellabakterier are microscopic, rod-shaped bacteria that are naturally found in freshwater environments such as lakes and streams. They are also commonly found in man-made water systems, including hot water tanks, cooling towers, and plumbing systems in buildings. These bacteria thrive in warm water, ideally between 20 and 50 degrees Celsius.

The most well-known illness caused by Legionellabakterier is Legionnaires' disease, a severe form of pneumonia. Another, less severe illness caused by the bacteria is Pontiac fever, which presents with flu-like symptoms but does not involve pneumonia. Transmission to humans occurs through the inhalation of water droplets containing the bacteria, often from aerosolized sources like showerheads, whirlpools, or cooling tower mists. Person-to-person transmission is not considered a risk.

Legionnaires' disease can range from mild to life-threatening, with symptoms including fever, cough, shortness of breath, and muscle aches. Diagnosis is typically made through urine antigen tests or cultures of respiratory samples. Treatment involves antibiotics. Prevention strategies focus on controlling the growth of Legionellabakterier in water systems through regular maintenance, disinfection, and temperature control. Public health measures aim to inform building managers and the public about the risks and how to mitigate them.