Leggsår

Leggsår, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores, are localized damage to the skin and/or underlying tissue, typically over a bony prominence. They are most commonly caused by prolonged pressure on the skin, often due to immobility or poor positioning. Leggsår can occur in individuals who are bedridden, in wheelchairs, or those with limited mobility. The condition is more prevalent in elderly individuals, patients with neurological conditions, and those with compromised immune systems.

The development of leggsår is a multifactorial process involving pressure, shear, and moisture. The skin's protective barrier is compromised, leading to tissue damage and potential infection. The stages of leggsår progression are categorized into four stages, with Stage 1 being a non-blanchable erythema (redness) and Stage 4 being full-thickness skin loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle.

Prevention of leggsår involves regular turning and repositioning of the individual, maintaining proper skin moisture, and using pressure-relieving devices. Treatment options range from simple dressings and topical treatments to surgical intervention, depending on the severity of the ulcer. Early intervention and proper care can significantly improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications such as infection and tissue loss.