Laternen

Laternen are portable light sources enclosed in a protective housing to shield the flame or light. They can be powered by candles, oil, gas, or electricity, and are made from materials such as metal, glass, wood, or paper. Designs range from enclosed hurricane lanterns that protect a flame to decorative paper lanterns and modern LED variants. Lamps may be fueled or electric.

Historically, lanterns developed to protect open flames in windy or outdoor settings. Early models used candles or oil; with the advent of gas lighting and later electric light, lantern designs evolved toward improved ventilation and safety. In East Asia, paper lanterns are common and are widely used in festivals and as decorative objects. Lantern festivals have become prominent cultural events in many societies.

In German-speaking areas, the term Laternen is closely associated with lanterns used by children during Saint Martin’s Day processions (Martinsumzug) on November 11. Children often carry self-made lanterns to form a ceremonial procession. Other common types include hurricane lanterns for outdoor use and LED lanterns that provide safe, long-lasting light.

Modern uses of lanterns include portable lighting for camping, emergency kits, and decorative illumination for events and public spaces. Safety considerations emphasize avoiding open flames where possible, ensuring proper ventilation, keeping flammable materials away, and preferring LED or other low-risk lighting when appropriate.