LatarjetOperation

The Latarjet operation, also known as the Bristow-Latarjet procedure or simply Latarjet, is a surgical technique used to treat chronic anterior shoulder instability. It is particularly indicated when conservative treatments have failed and there is evidence of a bony defect in the glenoid rim, such as a bony Bankart lesion, or a significant Hill-Sachs lesion. The primary goal of the Latarjet procedure is to augment the anterior glenoid rim, thereby increasing the stability of the shoulder joint and preventing recurrent dislocations.

The procedure involves transferring a portion of the coracoid process, a bony projection from the shoulder blade, along with the attached coracobrachialis muscle and the conjoint tendon. This bone graft is then positioned anteriorly and inferiorly to the glenoid rim and secured in place with screws. The coracobrachialis muscle and conjoint tendon act to both buttress the glenoid and provide additional stability. Over time, the bone graft fuses with the glenoid, effectively widening the articular surface and preventing the humeral head from dislocating anteriorly.

The Latarjet operation is typically performed under general anesthesia, often with regional anesthesia for postoperative pain control. The surgical approach can be either open or arthroscopic, with the arthroscopic technique becoming increasingly popular due to its minimally invasive nature and potential for faster recovery. Postoperative rehabilitation is crucial and involves a period of immobilization followed by a progressive program of range of motion and strengthening exercises. While generally effective, potential complications can include infection, non-union of the graft, recurrent instability, and nerve injury.