Lastkoppling

Lastkoppling is a term used in electrical engineering to describe how a load is connected to a power source. It covers the arrangement of wiring, the electrical relationship between source and load, and safety provisions associated with the connection. The way a load is connected affects voltage distribution, current flow, impedance, and power delivery, and it influences installation safety and fault behavior.

The two basic connection schemes are seriekoppling and parallellkoppling. In seriekoppling the same current passes through all connected elements, and the sum of individual voltages equals the source voltage. In parallellkoppling each element receives the full source voltage, and currents add according to each load’s impedance. Mixed or complex networks use combinations of these schemes and require circuit analysis.

Other considerations include conductor size, protection devices (fuses or circuit breakers), and grounding. Correct lastkoppling minimizes voltage drops, reduces overheating, and ensures safe disconnection for servicing. Standards and best practices in many jurisdictions prescribe correct wiring methods, color codes, and labeling of load connections.

Applications range from residential electrical installation to industrial automation and automotive systems. In practice, lastkoppling is adapted to the specific voltage level, safety requirements, and performance goals of the installation.