Laidunmaa

Laidunmaa is a type of agricultural land primarily used for grazing livestock. In Finnish land-use terminology, laidunmaa includes permanent pastures and temporary grazing areas, and it is distinct from cultivated cropland and meadows. The vegetation is typically a mix of grasses, clover and other forage plants, with composition shaped by soil, climate, drainage, and grazing management.

Management of laidunmaa often relies on grazing regimes such as rotational or strip grazing, which provide rest periods for pastures to recover. Practices may include reseeding or overseeding to maintain forage quality, controlled fertilization to support growth, weed control, and, where applicable, drainage improvements. The aim is to balance livestock production with soil health and long-term productivity, while preserving plant diversity and resisting erosion.

Ecologically, laidunmaa can contribute to biodiversity, soil structure, and carbon storage, especially when sward diversity is maintained and grazing pressure is varied. It supports livestock production, including cattle, sheep, and horses, and can be a source of dairy and meat products. The land also provides habitat for insects and other wildlife when managed with habitat-friendly practices.

Challenges facing laidunmaa include overgrazing, soil compaction, drought, and climate change, which can reduce forage quality and increase erosion. Sustainable management involves monitoring stocking rates, ensuring adequate rest periods, and aligning practices with environmental and agricultural policy. In many regions, laidunmaa is supported by agricultural subsidies and rural development programs that promote sustainable pasture management and biodiversity.