Külmvaltsitud

Külmvaltsitud refers to a metalworking process where metal is rolled at or near room temperature. This contrasts with hot rolling, which occurs at elevated temperatures above the metal's recrystallization point. The primary benefit of cold rolling is the enhanced strength and hardness of the resulting material, often referred to as cold-rolled steel. This increase in strength is due to work hardening, where the deformation process introduces dislocations into the metal's crystal structure, impeding further dislocation movement.

Cold rolling also yields a superior surface finish and tighter dimensional tolerances compared to hot rolling. The process involves passing metal sheets or coils through a series of rollers under high pressure. This reduces the thickness of the metal and refines its grain structure. Common applications for cold-rolled metals include automotive parts, appliances, metal furniture, and various consumer goods where precise dimensions and a smooth surface are important. While cold rolling produces stronger materials, it also requires more force and can lead to residual stresses within the metal, which may need to be relieved through annealing. The typical products of cold rolling are sheets, strips, and bars.