Kõrgepingeliinideks

Kõrgepingeliinideks is the Estonian term for high-voltage power lines. These are crucial components of the electricity grid, responsible for transmitting electrical power over long distances from generation plants to substations where the voltage is reduced for distribution to consumers. They operate at voltages typically above 100 kV (kilovolts), though the exact threshold can vary.

The primary purpose of using high voltage is to minimize energy loss during transmission. According to the laws of physics, power loss in a conductor is proportional to the square of the current. By increasing the voltage, the current required to transmit a given amount of power decreases proportionally. This significantly reduces resistive losses in the conductors, making the transmission of electricity over vast distances economically viable and efficient.

Kõrgepingeliinideks are usually constructed using a series of steel lattice towers or concrete poles that support multiple conductors. These conductors are typically made of aluminum or copper alloys, chosen for their conductivity and strength. Insulators, made of porcelain or composite materials, are used to separate the conductors from the towers and prevent electrical discharge. Overhead high-voltage lines are the most common form, but underground or underwater cables are also employed in certain situations, particularly in urban areas or across water bodies, though they are generally more expensive to install and maintain. The design and maintenance of these lines are subject to strict safety regulations to prevent accidents and ensure reliable power supply.