Kõhrarakkudeks

Kõhrarakkudeks is the Estonian term for chondrocytes. Chondrocytes are specialized cells found within cartilage. They are the only cell type present in healthy adult cartilage. These cells are responsible for synthesizing and maintaining the cartilaginous matrix, which consists of collagen, proteoglycans, and other macromolecules. This matrix provides the structural integrity and mechanical properties of cartilage, allowing it to withstand compression and provide smooth joint surfaces.

Chondrocytes are typically located within small cavities in the cartilage matrix called lacunae. They can exist individually or in small clusters. The function and appearance of chondrocytes can vary depending on the type of cartilage they reside in, such as hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, or fibrocartilage. For instance, chondrocytes in hyaline cartilage are rounder and more numerous, while those in fibrocartilage are more flattened and elongated.

These cells play a crucial role in development and repair. During endochondral ossification, they are essential for bone formation. While mature cartilage has limited regenerative capacity, chondrocytes are involved in the slow repair processes that can occur. However, damage to cartilage often leads to a loss of chondrocytes and a breakdown of the matrix, which can result in conditions like osteoarthritis. Research into chondrocyte biology is ongoing, aiming to understand their behavior and potential for therapeutic applications in cartilage repair.