Käsi

Käsi is the Finnish word for the hand, the distal limb used for grasping, manipulating objects, and exploring the environment. In everyday Finnish, käsi refers to the palm, fingers, and thumb as a single anatomical unit, and it appears in many idioms and expressions.

In human anatomy, the hand consists of the wrist (carpus), the palm (metacarpus), and the fingers (phalanges). There are eight carpal bones, five metacarpal bones, and fourteen phalanges (three in each finger and two in the thumb). The hand relies on a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic muscles, tendons, ligaments, and a network of nerves (median, ulnar, and radial) along with blood vessels to control movement and provide sensation.

Functionally, the hand enables a wide range of movements from powerful grips to precise manipulations. The thumb’s opposition to the other fingers allows many grip types, while the fingertips provide fine tactile feedback through sensory receptors. Nails, skin, and soft tissues protect and enhance function. Proper development of motor skills, strength, and dexterity occurs through practice and use.

Health and injuries affecting the hand are common and include fractures, sprains, tendonitis, and carpal tunnel syndrome. Symptoms such as pain, numbness, weakness, or limited range of motion can indicate an issue requiring medical attention. Prevention focuses on technique, ergonomic practices, regular hand and finger exercises, and protection during activities that place stress on the hand.

Culturally and linguistically, käsi functions as the standard term for the hand in Finnish and is cognate with the Estonian word käsi. It is taught as a basic anatomical concept in education and widely referenced in daily language.