Kärsimyksenkin

Kärsimyksenkin is a Finnish enclitic form derived from kärsimys (suffering) in the genitive, combined with the enclitic particle -kin, which adds emphasis and can translate as “even” or “also.” The result is a modifier that highlights the inclusion or intensification of the suffering in relation to other elements in a sentence.

Formation and meaning: The -kin particle attaches to the word it modifies and, in this case, follows the genitive ending of kärsimys, producing kärsimyksenkin. This construction is typical of Finnish rhetoric and literary style, where contrasts or inclusions are foregrounded.

Usage: Kärsimyksenkin is relatively formal and somewhat rhetorical. It appears in written Finnish and in speech to stress that even something as burdensome as suffering is part of what is being described; it can also express resilience or endurance.

Examples:

- Hän kesti epäoikeudenmukaisuuden sekä kärsimyksenkin. (He endured injustice and even suffering.)

- Kertomuksessa toivo säilyi, jopa kärsimyksenkin keskellä. (In the narrative, hope remained even in the midst of suffering.)