Kytkentäeristystä

Kytkentäeristystä, known in English as wiring insulation, refers to the material or system used to prevent electrical current from flowing through unintended paths, such as to the surrounding environment or to other conductors. Its primary function is safety, protecting individuals from electric shock and preventing short circuits that can lead to fires and equipment damage.

The effectiveness of wiring insulation is determined by its dielectric strength, which is its ability to withstand a high voltage without breaking down. Different types of insulation materials are chosen based on the voltage level, operating temperature, environmental conditions, and mechanical stresses the wires will encounter. Common insulating materials include rubber, various plastics like PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and polyethylene, and sometimes ceramic or glass for very high-temperature or high-voltage applications.

In electrical installations, insulation is applied directly to the conductor as a coating or sheath. It must be continuous, free from defects, and securely attached to the conductor to ensure proper function. Regular inspection and maintenance of insulation are crucial for electrical safety. Degradation of insulation due to age, heat, chemicals, or physical damage can compromise the integrity of the electrical system and necessitate repair or replacement. Standards and regulations govern the types and quality of insulation materials used in electrical wiring to ensure a safe and reliable power supply.