Kutenhoitajat

Kutenhoitajat, often translated as "reindeer herders" or "reindeer handlers," are individuals primarily belonging to the Sami people, the indigenous population of the Arctic region of northern Europe. Their traditional livelihood is deeply intertwined with the semi-nomadic herding of reindeer, a practice that has sustained Sami communities for centuries. Kutenhoitajat are responsible for the well-being of the reindeer herds, which involves moving them to different pastures according to seasonal changes, protecting them from predators, and ensuring their health. This often requires extensive knowledge of the Arctic environment, weather patterns, and reindeer behavior.

The role of a kutenhoitaja is multifaceted and demanding. It involves not only the physical labor of herding but also the management of the herd's genetic health, breeding, and ultimately, the procurement of resources from the reindeer, such as meat, hides, and antlers. Historically, reindeer herding was a central aspect of Sami culture, influencing their social structures, language, and spiritual beliefs. While modern society has introduced changes, the tradition of kutenhoitajat continues to be a vital part of Sami identity and economy in Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The practice is increasingly facing challenges due to climate change, land use conflicts, and evolving societal pressures.