Kurkunkannen

Kurkunkannen is the Finnish term for the epiglottis, a leaf-shaped cartilage at the entrance of the larynx. In humans, the epiglottis is a flexible structure covered by mucosa that helps separate the airway from the digestive tract during swallowing.

Anatomy and position: The epiglottis is attached to the inner surface of the thyroid cartilage by the thyroepiglottic ligament. Its broad, rounded blade extends upward toward the pharynx and rests above the glottis. The epiglottis is supplied by branches of the superior laryngeal arteries and receives sensory innervation from branches of the vagus nerve, including the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.

Function: Its primary role is protective. During swallowing, the larynx elevates and the epiglottis tilts to cover the opening of the larynx (the glottis), directing food and liquid toward the esophagus and helping prevent aspiration into the lower airways.

Clinical significance: In medicine, inflammation or infection of the epiglottis—epiglottitis—can be a medical emergency due to potential airway obstruction. Diagnosis is typically made by clinical examination and visualization of the epiglottis via laryngoscopy. Management focuses on airway stabilization and treatment of the underlying cause with antibiotics when appropriate.

Etymology and usage: In Finnish medical literature, kurkunkannen or kurkunkansi are used to refer to the epiglottis. The term derives from kurkku (throat) and kansi (lid), reflecting its lid-like function at the airway entrance.