Kulkukyky

Kulkukyky is a Finnish term describing an individual's ability to move about, particularly the capacity to walk. It functions as a core dimension of functional health and is routinely evaluated in clinical settings, rehabilitation, and elder care. The word combines kulkea, “to walk,” with kyky, “ability,” reflecting its focus on mobility and movement in everyday life.

In practice, kulkukyky is assessed through observed walking performance, balance, endurance, and use of assistive devices. Clinicians often rely on standardized tests such as gait speed, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, or the six-minute walk test to quantify mobility. Mobility is also inferred from independence in activities of daily living and the need for support at home or in the community.

A range of factors influences kulkukyky, including muscle strength, balance, cardiovascular and respiratory fitness, pain, obesity, chronic diseases, medications, and cognitive function, as well as environmental factors such as stairs and surface quality. Low kulkukyky predicts higher risk of falls, functional decline, hospitalization, and long-term care placement. Conversely, interventions addressing strength, balance, endurance, and environmental modifications can improve mobility and overall functioning.