Kuivasilmäisyyteen

Kuivasilmäisyyteen, often referred to as dry eye disease, is a common condition characterized by insufficient tear production or poor tear quality. Tears are essential for lubricating and protecting the surface of the eye, and when this function is compromised, it can lead to discomfort and visual disturbances. The symptoms can vary but commonly include a gritty or sandy sensation, burning, redness, itching, and a feeling of having something in the eye. Some individuals may also experience blurred vision, especially after prolonged visual tasks, or excessive tearing as a reflex to the dryness.

The causes of kuivasilmäisyyteen are diverse. Age is a significant factor, as tear production tends to decrease with advancing years. Environmental conditions such as dry air, wind, and smoke can exacerbate the condition. Certain medical conditions, including Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and thyroid disorders, are associated with dry eyes. Medications, such as antihistamines, decongestants, and some blood pressure drugs, can also contribute to reduced tear production. Hormonal changes, particularly in women, can play a role, especially during menopause. Prolonged use of digital devices, leading to reduced blinking, is another increasingly recognized factor.

Diagnosis typically involves a review of symptoms and a physical examination of the eyes. A doctor may perform tests to measure tear production, assess tear film stability, and check for underlying causes. Treatment aims to relieve symptoms and improve tear function. This can include artificial tears, lubricating ointments, prescription eye drops, or lifestyle adjustments like avoiding irritants and taking breaks from screens. In more severe cases, punctal plugs may be used to block tear drainage.