Kravfasen

Kravfasen, commonly translated as the requirements phase, is the early stage in many product, system, or software development methodologies where stakeholders' needs are identified, analyzed and documented as requirements. It is part of requirements engineering and establishes the basis for subsequent design, implementation and testing.

The primary goal is to define what the product must do and under which conditions, ensure alignment with business objectives, and define a bounded scope and measurable acceptance criteria.

Typical activities include stakeholder identification, elicitation using interviews, workshops, surveys, or observations; analysis and modeling of requirements (functional and non-functional), use-case and user-story development, prioritization; drafting a requirements specification; and validation and traceability setup.

Outputs include a documented set of functional and non-functional requirements, interface and data requirements, constraints and acceptance criteria; a requirements specification or backlog; and a traceability matrix linking requirements to design and tests.

Roles involved include business analysts, product owners, system architects, project managers, and customer representatives. The kravfasen may be performed linearly in traditional methods or in iterations in agile approaches, with ongoing refinement as needs evolve.

Challenges include ambiguity in language, conflicting stakeholder interests, scope creep, and changing business contexts; maintaining clarity, verifiability, and testability; and ensuring proper versioning and traceability.

Relation to other phases: it informs design, development, and validation; changes in requirements can trigger rework in later phases, though many modern practices treat requirements as a living artifact subject to continuous refinement.