Kortikosteroïdespray

Kortikosteroïdespray is a term used to describe spray formulations that deliver corticosteroids (glucocorticoids) for local anti-inflammatory effects. They are used across medicine to treat conditions such as nasal allergies, asthma, and skin disorders. Depending on the route of administration, these products may be intranasal, inhaled, or topical sprays.

Corticosteroids work by binding to glucocorticoid receptors, reducing inflammatory mediators and suppressing immune cell activity. Intranasal sprays target the nasal mucosa; inhaled sprays deliver medicine to the airways; topical sprays are applied to the skin. Common agents include budesonide, fluticasone, mometasone, and beclomethasone.

Indications vary by form. Intranasal corticosteroid sprays relieve seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and may shrink nasal polyps. Inhaled corticosteroid sprays are first-line therapy for persistent asthma and help prevent symptoms. Topical corticosteroid sprays treat inflammatory skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis.

Side effects depend on the route and dose. Intranasal sprays can cause nasal irritation, dryness, bleeding, or throat irritation. Inhaled sprays may cause throat irritation, hoarseness, and a higher risk of oral candidiasis if the mouth is not rinsed after use. Prolonged or high-dose topical corticosteroids can thin the skin, cause stretch marks, or suppress growth in children; systemic effects are uncommon at standard doses.

Administration and safety notes include using prescribed doses, priming intranasal sprays when needed, using spacers with inhalers, and rinsing the mouth after inhaled doses. They should generally be avoided in active fungal infections of the nose or skin unless directed. Pregnancy and lactation require medical advice, as options vary by medication.