Kopsutrombemboolia

Kopsutrombemboolia, commonly known as pulmonary embolism (PE), is a medical condition that occurs when a blood clot, typically a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) originating in the legs, travels to the lungs and obstructs blood flow. This obstruction can lead to a range of symptoms, from mild to life-threatening. The most common symptom is sudden shortness of breath, which may be accompanied by chest pain, coughing (sometimes with blood), rapid heart rate, and dizziness. Risk factors for developing PE include prolonged immobility, surgery, certain medical conditions like cancer or heart disease, obesity, smoking, and inherited clotting disorders. The diagnosis of PE often involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests (such as D-dimer), and imaging studies like a CT pulmonary angiography. Treatment aims to prevent the clot from growing, break up existing clots, and prevent new ones from forming. This commonly involves anticoagulant medications (blood thinners) and, in severe cases, clot-dissolving drugs or surgical procedures. Prompt medical attention is crucial for managing PE, as it can lead to serious complications, including pulmonary infarction, pulmonary hypertension, and death.