Kompromissanalüüs

Kompromissanalüüs, often translated as "trade-off analysis" or "compromise analysis," is a decision-making framework used to evaluate and select the best option among several alternatives when each option has both advantages and disadvantages. The core principle is that in many real-world situations, it is impossible to achieve all desired objectives simultaneously. Therefore, a compromise must be made by sacrificing some objectives to better achieve others.

The process typically involves identifying all relevant criteria or objectives for the decision. Each alternative is then assessed against these criteria, quantifying its performance in terms of each objective. This often leads to situations where one alternative excels in one area but is weak in another, while a different alternative shows the opposite pattern. Kompromissanalüüs provides a structured way to weigh these competing factors.

Various methods can be employed within a kompromissanalüüs. These might include multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques, such as weighted sum models, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), orELECTRE methods. These methods help assign relative importance to different criteria and aggregate the performance of alternatives into a single score or ranking, facilitating comparison.

The goal is not necessarily to find a perfect solution, but rather a "satisficing" solution – one that is acceptable and meets a minimum threshold for most important criteria, even if it doesn't maximize every single one. Kompromissanalüüs is widely applied in fields such as project management, environmental policy, engineering design, and resource allocation, where conflicting goals are common. It aids stakeholders in understanding the implications of their choices and reaching a consensus.