Komposiitained

Komposiitained, known scientifically as composite materials, are engineering materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct at the bulk level within the finished structure. The goal is to create a material with characteristics different from the individual components. Typically, one component is a matrix, which binds the other constituent, known as the reinforcement, together. The reinforcement is often in the form of fibers, particles, or flakes.

Common examples of composite materials include reinforced concrete, which combines cement and aggregate, and fiberglass, where glass fibers are embedded in a polymer matrix. Advanced composites, such as carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs), are widely used in aerospace and automotive industries due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. Wood is a natural composite, consisting of cellulose fibers within a lignin matrix.

The properties of a composite material are dependent on the properties of its constituent materials, their proportions, and the arrangement of the reinforcement. By carefully selecting and combining different materials, engineers can design composites with tailored properties for specific applications. This allows for the creation of materials that are lighter, stronger, more rigid, or more resistant to corrosion and fatigue than traditional materials like metals or plastics alone. The development and application of composite materials continue to expand across various fields.