Knapsacks

A knapsack is a bag carried on the back to transport clothing, supplies, and personal items. It is worn with shoulder straps and is designed to free the hands for mobility. In common usage, the term is often synonymous with backpack, especially for outdoor or military-use packs; however, knapsack can imply a traditional, sometimes more compact or rugged design.

Etymology and history: The English word knapsack derives from the German Knappsack or Dutch knapzak, borrowed in the 17th century. Early knapsacks were simple cloth or canvas bags attached to a shoulder harness for soldiers on campaign. Over the 18th and 19th centuries, packs evolved to include frames and more structured suspensions to distribute weight.

Design and capacity: Modern knapsacks vary widely in size and construction. Capacities are typically measured in liters, from about 20–30 liters for day packs to 60–100+ liters for expedition packs. Framing options include frameless, internal frame, or external frame; common features include padded shoulder straps, a padded back panel, hip belts, sternum straps, compression straps, and multiple pockets. Materials range from heavy cottons and canvas to nylon and Cordura, often with water-repellent coatings.

Usage and variants: Knapsacks are used by hikers, campers, military personnel, and travelers. Variants include hydration-compatible designs, modular or tactical packs, and packs with detachable lids or pockets. In some regions the term knapsack remains common in everyday language or historical writing, while other regions prefer backpack or rucksack.