Kivisenien

Kivisenien is a theoretical concept in geology and planetary science that describes a hypothetical stage of planetary evolution characterized by extensive and prolonged volcanic activity. This phase, often envisioned as occurring early in a planet's history, would involve a molten or semi-molten surface, a thick, turbulent atmosphere, and significant outgassing of volcanic gases. The term is derived from Finnish words, though its precise origin and usage can vary among researchers.

During the Kivisenien period, planets are thought to undergo rapid differentiation, with denser materials sinking to the core and lighter materials forming the mantle and crust. The intense heat generated by radioactive decay and gravitational accretion would fuel this volcanism. The resulting landscape would likely be dominated by vast lava plains, shield volcanoes, and possibly impact craters that are quickly resurfaced by volcanic flows. The atmosphere would be rich in gases like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and water vapor, creating a greenhouse effect that further contributes to high surface temperatures.

The duration of the Kivisenien phase is subject to debate and depends on factors such as planetary mass, composition, and the rate of radioactive decay. As a planet cools and its internal heat source diminishes, volcanic activity would gradually decrease, leading to the formation of a solid crust and the eventual establishment of more stable geological and atmospheric conditions. Understanding Kivisenien is crucial for comprehending the early evolution of terrestrial planets, including Earth, and for the search for habitable exoplanets.