Kippahs

A kippah, also spelled yarmulke, is a small, rounded skullcap worn on the crown of the head by many Jewish men and, in some communities, by women. It is commonly worn during prayer, study, meals with religious significance, and during other formal or sacred occasions.

The practice expresses reverence before God and is associated with the principle of covering one’s head. Interpretations vary: some see it as a constant reminder of God’s presence, while others wear it only during prayer or study. In many Orthodox communities, wearing a kippah at all times is customary; in Conservative and Reform circles, wearing is often optional and guided by personal or communal norms.

Kippahs come in a range of styles and materials, including knitted or crocheted fabric, velvet, suede, leather, satin, or simple cloth. They may be plain or decorated and can be worn under or over the hair. Styles and expectations can differ by community, including further distinctions in how strictly they are observed.

Terminology varies. The term kippah is Hebrew for “dome” or “skullcap.” Yarmulke is of Yiddish origin. In Israel, kippah is the common term; in English-speaking communities, both terms are widely used and understood.

Historically, the exact origin of head coverings is not clearly documented, but the practice became widespread in many Jewish communities during the medieval period and remains a visible symbol of Jewish identity and religious life today.