Kindchenschema

Kindchenschema, also known as the baby schema, is a concept in ethology and psychology describing a set of facial and body features that elicit a caregiving response in humans and other animals. These features typically include a large head relative to the body, a high and broad forehead, large eyes positioned low on the face, a short and wide nose, and a small chin. The term was coined by Austrian ethologist Konrad Lorenz in 1943.

The Kindchenschema is believed to be an evolutionary adaptation that promotes the survival of offspring. By triggering nurturing instincts, it encourages adults to protect, feed, and care for young, increasing their chances of reaching adulthood. This response is not limited to a parent's own offspring; it can be elicited by any infant or juvenile exhibiting these characteristics, regardless of species.

Research has shown that exposure to Kindchenschema features activates specific areas of the brain associated with reward and emotion, such as the orbitofrontal cortex. This neurological response is thought to underpin the strong emotional bond and protective behaviors that develop. While primarily associated with infants, the Kindchenschema can also be observed in adult humans, particularly in certain facial expressions and idealized representations, which can influence perceptions of attractiveness and innocence. The universality and power of this schema highlight its fundamental role in social bonding and caregiving across the animal kingdom.