Kiirustades

Kiirustades is an Estonian adverbial participle formed from the verb kiirustada, meaning to hurry. It expresses that the action of the main clause is performed in haste or in a hurried manner. The word kiirustades is a single form and belongs to a class of adverbial participles in Estonian that describe mood, manner, or circumstance rather than time by itself.

Formation and usage: The -des suffix creates the adverbial participle kiirustades. It is commonly used to describe how an action is carried out, often indicating that it was done quickly and perhaps carelessly. Examples include: “Ta kiirustades jooksis bussile” (He hurried and ran for the bus) and “Töö tehti kiirustades” (The work was done in haste). The participle can appear before or after the main verb, depending on emphasis, with the subject usually shared between the participle and the main clause.

Nuances: Kiirustades generally carries a nuance of limited thoroughness or potential mistakes due to haste. It is used in both spoken and written Estonian, though in extremely formal or precise contexts speakers may prefer more explicit phrasing or a different construction to avoid ambiguity about cause and effect.

Related terms and translations: Kiirustades corresponds to the English adverbial phrases “in a hurry” or “hastily.” It differs from kiiresti, which more directly translates as “quickly” and focuses on speed rather than the manner of performing an action.

In summary, kiirustades is a common, neutral way to describe actions carried out hastily in Estonian, functioning as an adverbial participle that conveys manner and possible haste-related consequences.