Kiirendusmõõtur

Kiirendusmõõtur, also known as an accelerometer, is a device used to measure proper acceleration. Proper acceleration is the acceleration that acts on a body in a reference frame that is not accelerating. This is in contrast to coordinate acceleration, which is the acceleration in a fixed coordinate system. Accelerometers are widely used in various fields, including aerospace, automotive, and consumer electronics.

The basic principle behind an accelerometer is the measurement of the inertia of a mass. When the accelerometer is subjected to acceleration, the mass tends to resist the change in motion, causing a deformation in the sensor. This deformation is then converted into an electrical signal, which can be measured and interpreted as acceleration.

Accelerometers can measure acceleration in one, two, or three dimensions. They are often used in conjunction with other sensors, such as gyroscopes, to provide a complete picture of the motion of an object. For example, in an inertial measurement unit (IMU), accelerometers are used to measure linear acceleration, while gyroscopes measure angular velocity.

Accelerometers are available in various forms, including mechanical, piezoelectric, and capacitive types. Mechanical accelerometers use a mass-spring system to measure acceleration, while piezoelectric accelerometers use the piezoelectric effect to generate an electrical signal. Capacitive accelerometers, on the other hand, measure the change in capacitance between two plates due to acceleration.

In summary, a kiirendusmõõtur, or accelerometer, is a device used to measure proper acceleration. It works on the principle of inertia and is available in various forms. Accelerometers are widely used in various fields due to their ability to provide accurate and reliable measurements of acceleration.