Keuhkopöhö

Keuhkopöhö, also known as pulmonary edema, is a condition where excess fluid accumulates in the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs. This fluid buildup impairs the lungs' ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream, leading to shortness of breath and other respiratory difficulties.

There are two main types of keuhkopöhö: cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is most commonly caused by heart problems, such as heart failure, where the heart cannot effectively pump blood. This leads to blood backing up into the lungs. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema has various causes, including lung injury from infections, inhalation of toxic substances, or severe allergic reactions.

Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may include sudden or gradual onset of shortness of breath, difficulty breathing when lying down (orthopnea), coughing up frothy sputum, rapid heartbeat, and a feeling of suffocation. In severe cases, it can lead to a life-threatening emergency.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram (ECG), and blood tests to assess oxygen levels and identify underlying causes. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and removing excess fluid from the lungs. This may include medications to improve heart function, diuretics to reduce fluid, oxygen therapy, and in some cases, mechanical ventilation. Prompt medical attention is crucial for effective management and to prevent complications.