Keskkonnahinnangud

Keskkonnahinnangud, known in English as Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs), are a systematic process used to identify, predict, and evaluate the potential environmental consequences of proposed projects or policies before they are approved or undertaken. The primary goal of an EIA is to ensure that environmental considerations are integrated into decision-making processes, thereby promoting sustainable development and minimizing negative impacts on the environment and human health.

The EIA process typically involves several stages. It begins with screening, where it's determined whether an EIA is required for a specific project. This is followed by scoping, which identifies the key environmental issues and the extent of the assessment. An environmental impact statement (EIS) is then prepared, detailing the potential impacts, alternatives, and proposed mitigation measures. This statement is usually made available for public consultation, allowing stakeholders to provide feedback. Finally, the EIA report is reviewed by the relevant authorities, who use it to make an informed decision about the project's approval, often with specific conditions attached to minimize environmental harm.

EIAs are a crucial tool for environmental protection and planning. They help to avoid or reduce adverse effects, promote the consideration of alternatives, and foster public participation. The specific requirements and procedures for conducting EIAs can vary significantly between countries and jurisdictions, but the fundamental principle of proactive environmental assessment remains consistent.