Keratism

Keratism is a condition characterized by the abnormal thickening and hardening of the cornea, the transparent front surface of the eye. This condition can lead to reduced vision and discomfort. Keratism can be congenital, meaning it is present at birth, or it can develop later in life. Congenital keratism is often associated with genetic disorders such as Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and Stickler syndrome. In adults, keratism can result from various causes, including infections, inflammation, and certain medications.

The primary symptom of keratism is blurred or distorted vision, which can range from mild to severe. Other symptoms may include eye pain, redness, and sensitivity to light. The condition can be diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination, which may include slit-lamp microscopy to examine the cornea in detail.

Treatment for keratism depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. For mild cases, lifestyle modifications and over-the-counter eye drops may be sufficient. More severe cases may require medical interventions such as corticosteroids, antibiotics, or surgical procedures like corneal transplantation. In some instances, keratism may be managed with corrective lenses or contact lenses.

Prevention of keratism involves addressing any underlying medical conditions and avoiding factors that can exacerbate the condition, such as excessive sun exposure and certain medications. Regular eye check-ups are essential for early detection and management of keratism.