Keltirilgan

Keltirilgan is an Uzbek perfect passive participle meaning “mentioned,” “cited,” or “presented.” It is used to indicate that information, examples, or arguments have been supplied in a source or text. The form is commonly employed to refer to material that someone else has brought forward in writing or speech.

Morphology and usage: Keltirilgan is formed with the verb root keltir- plus the participial suffix -ilgan, creating a short passive participle that functions as an attributive modifier. It agrees with the noun it modifies in number (keltirilgan misol, keltirilgan misollar; keltirilgan ma’lumot). Uzbek adjectives, including participles, do not reflect gender, so the form remains the same across genders.

Semantic nuance: The word carries the sense that the information or example did not originate with the speaker but has been presented or claimed in a cited source. It is frequent in academic, legal, and journalistic texts, where authors distinguish between their own assertions and material that is “keltirilgan” from others.

Examples:

- Ushbu maqolada keltirilgan ma’lumotlar manbalarga asoslangan.

- Keltirilgan misollar nazariyani tasdiqlaydi.

- Hisobotda keltirilgan dalillar ko‘rib chiqildi.

Etymology and related forms: Keltirilgan derives from the verb keltir- (“to bring up, to cite”) with the passive participle suffix -ilgan. Related forms include keltirilmoq (to be brought/cited) and keltirish (citation, bringing up). The form is a staple of formal Uzbek writing, signaling sourced material.

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