Kawasakisykdom

Kawasaki disease is a rare but serious illness that primarily affects children under five years old. It is characterized by inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body, including the arteries, veins, and capillaries. The exact cause of Kawasaki disease is unknown, but it is believed to be triggered by an infection that causes an abnormal immune response in genetically susceptible children.

The most common symptoms include a high fever lasting for at least five days, a rash that can appear on the trunk and in the genital area, red eyes without discharge, red, cracked lips, a "strawberry tongue" with red bumps, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Swelling and redness of the hands and feet are also common. If left untreated, Kawasaki disease can lead to serious complications, most notably affecting the heart. Coronary artery aneurysms, which are bulges in the heart's arteries, are the most significant concern and can increase the risk of heart attack or stroke later in life.

Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, and there is no specific laboratory test for Kawasaki disease. Treatment typically involves intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin, which help reduce inflammation and prevent heart complications. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial for a good prognosis and minimizing the risk of long-term heart problems.