Katastr

Katastr, commonly referred to as a cadastral system or cadastre, is a public registry and accompanying map that records information about real property, especially land parcels, their boundaries, ownership, and related rights. It combines a parcel-based register with a geospatial representation, often maintained as a cadastral map, and is administered by government authorities under legally defined frameworks. The primary purpose is to provide legal certainty for property transactions and to support land administration, planning, taxation, and public policy.

A cadastral record typically includes a parcel identifier, precise boundaries and area, coordinates, and a physical address or description. It also lists ownership or possession, easements and other rights or restrictions, mortgages or liens, and the cadastral value used for taxation. The spatial component helps locate each parcel relative to neighboring parcels, streets, and public infrastructure.

Katastr serves several core functions: it establishes and evidences property rights; supports property transfers and dispute resolution; informs urban and regional planning and land use management; enables property taxation and credit operations; and aids environmental, infrastructure, and risk assessments. Data integrity and update processes are tied to surveying, land surveys, and legal actions such as subdivisions, mergers, or changes in rights.

Digital cadastres are common in many countries, integrated with geographic information systems (GIS) and national coordinate frameworks. Interoperability and public accessibility vary by jurisdiction, but the underlying concept remains a stable foundation for real property administration in most legal systems.