Kartav

Kartav is a traditional Georgian musical instrument that belongs to the family of bowed string instruments, specifically a type of fiddle. It is widely used in Georgian folk music and holds significant cultural importance in the country. The name "kartav" originates from the Georgian word "karta," which means "string," reflecting its primary feature.

The instrument typically features a small, pear-shaped body made from wood, often gourd or wood like maple or spruce, and a long, narrow neck. Kartav is played with a bow, similar to a violin, and usually has three or four strings, though some variations may have more. The strings are traditionally made from animal gut, though synthetic materials are sometimes used today. The instrument is known for its bright, resonant tone and expressive capabilities, which allow it to convey both melodic and rhythmic elements in Georgian music.

Kartav is commonly paired with other traditional Georgian instruments, such as the chonguri (a type of bagpipe) or the doli (a frame drum), to create rich, layered musical textures. It plays a central role in Georgian polyphonic singing, where multiple vocalists harmonize in intricate, interlocking patterns. The instrument’s versatility extends to both solo performances and ensemble settings, making it a staple in Georgian folk traditions.

The craftsmanship of kartav involves careful shaping and tuning to achieve optimal sound quality. Luthiers, or instrument makers, often pass down their techniques through generations, preserving the instrument’s distinct sound. While kartav remains deeply rooted in Georgian folk culture, it has also influenced contemporary music, appearing in modern compositions and fusion genres. Its enduring presence reflects the rich musical heritage of Georgia and its continued relevance in both traditional and evolving musical contexts.