Kariotipizálás

Kariotipizálás is a cytogenetic technique used to analyze the number and structure of chromosomes in a cell. It is commonly employed in medical and genetic research to identify chromosomal abnormalities that may be associated with genetic disorders. The process involves the preparation of metaphase chromosomes, which are then stained and photographed using a microscope. The resulting karyotype is a visual representation of the chromosomes, arranged in pairs according to their size and centromere position. This technique allows for the detection of numerical and structural abnormalities, such as trisomies, deletions, duplications, and translocations. Kariotipizálás is particularly useful in prenatal screening, where it can help identify chromosomal disorders in fetuses, and in the diagnosis of genetic conditions in newborns and adults. The results of karyotyping can guide further diagnostic tests and treatment plans, contributing to the understanding and management of genetic diseases.