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Kalziumhydroxid, commonly known as calcium hydroxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)₂. It is a white, crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water, forming a basic solution known as limewater. Calcium hydroxide is widely used in various industrial, agricultural, and domestic applications due to its alkaline properties and reactivity.

In industry, calcium hydroxide serves as a key reagent in the production of other calcium compounds, such as calcium hypochlorite and calcium carbide. It is also utilized in water treatment processes to adjust pH levels and remove impurities. Additionally, it plays a role in the manufacturing of cement, where it acts as a key component in the hydration process, contributing to the hardening of concrete.

Agriculturally, calcium hydroxide is applied to soil to neutralize acidic conditions, improving soil fertility and promoting plant growth. It is often referred to as slaked lime when used in this context. In domestic settings, calcium hydroxide is found in some household cleaning products and as a component in plaster and mortar mixtures.

The compound can be produced by reacting calcium oxide (quicklime) with water in a process known as slaking. This reaction is highly exothermic, releasing significant heat. Calcium hydroxide is generally considered safe, though direct contact with concentrated solutions may cause skin irritation. It is non-toxic but can be corrosive in high concentrations.

In laboratory settings, calcium hydroxide is used as a mild base for various chemical reactions. Its ability to precipitate carbon dioxide as calcium carbonate makes it useful in qualitative analysis for detecting the presence of carbonates. The compound is also employed in the preparation of calcium hydroxide solutions for pH buffering applications.