Kalbeliya

Kalbeliya, or Kalbelia, is a traditional folk dance of the Kalbelia community of Rajasthan, India. The form is best known for its swift spins, sinuous waist movements, and the flowing black skirts worn by the dancers. It is performed by women during festive occasions and celebrations, and is widely regarded as one of Rajasthan's most distinctive folk traditions. In 2010, UNESCO inscribed Kalbeliya on the Representative List of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

Origins and social context: The Kalbelias are historically a nomadic community long associated with snake charming and trade. The dance developed as a public display of their mobility, artistry, and storytelling. Lyrics often reflect love, nature, and the travels of the Kalbelia people. Costume: Dancers wear black ghagras (long skirts) with embroidery, mirror work, and bright scarves; cholis; heavy silver jewelry; ankle bells called ghungroos.

Performance and music: The dance features rapid spins, serpentine movements, and coordinated footwork performed to songs with percussion (dhol, dholak) and wind instruments such as the been (snake charmer's flute). Dancers frequently move in and around the circle, with the tempo shifting between slower and faster sections.

Contemporary status: Kalbeliya is performed at cultural events and in tourism, and continues to be a symbol of Rajasthan's intangible heritage. While celebrated, the community faces challenges such as economic pressures and preservation of traditional practices within modern contexts.