Kadmiumaltistus

Kadmiumaltistus refers to exposure to cadmium, a heavy metal that can be harmful to human health. Cadmium is a naturally occurring element found in the earth's crust and is often released into the environment through industrial processes like mining, smelting, and manufacturing. It is also present in products such as batteries, pigments, and certain types of plastics.

Exposure to cadmium can occur through several routes. Inhalation of contaminated dust or fumes is a significant pathway, particularly in occupational settings where cadmium is processed. Ingestion is another common route, as cadmium can contaminate food and water. This can happen when crops are grown in cadmium-polluted soil or when food is stored in cadmium-containing packaging. Smoking is also a major source of cadmium exposure for individuals, as tobacco plants absorb cadmium from the soil.

Once in the body, cadmium is not easily eliminated and tends to accumulate in organs, primarily the kidneys and the liver. Chronic exposure to even low levels of cadmium can lead to serious health problems. The most well-documented effect is kidney damage, which can progress to renal failure. Cadmium is also a known carcinogen, with evidence linking it to an increased risk of lung and prostate cancer. Other health issues associated with cadmium exposure include bone disease, such as osteoporosis, and cardiovascular problems. The severity of health effects depends on the dose, duration, and route of exposure.