Jämfört

Jämfört is the past participle of the Swedish verb jämföra, meaning "to compare." It is used primarily to form perfect tenses with auxiliary verbs such as har (have) or hade (had), for example har jämfört or hade jämfört. In addition, jämfört appears in phrases that express comparison, most notably in the fixed construction jämfört med, meaning "in comparison with" or "compared to."

Etymology and sense: The verb jämföra is a combination of jämn (equal) and föra (to bring or to carry). The participle jämfört is formed with the usual suffix for past participles in Swedish. The core meaning reflects the act of conducting a comparison to evaluate similarities, differences, or value.

Usage notes: Jämfört is used when something has been subjected to comparison, either explicitly with another item or implicitly in a study or analysis. In practice, it often introduces a comparative statement, especially with the preposition med: “jämfört med” (with regard to or when compared with). It can also appear in clauses without a explicit comparison, as part of perfect tense constructions such as “priserna har jämfört med föregående år varit lägre.”

Related terms: The infinitive is jämföra; present tense is jämför; past tense is jämförde. The noun form is jämförelse. Related adjectives include jämförbar (comparable) and jämförande (comparative, as in an attributive or participial adjective).

Examples: Företaget har jämfört sina priser med konkurrenterna. Resultatet är bättre jämfört med förra året. Produkten visar en jämn kvalitetsjämförelse när man jämfört flera leverantörer.