Jordingsmåte

Jordingsmåte, also known as grounding method, refers to the techniques and procedures used to establish a low-resistance path between electrical equipment and the earth. This connection is crucial for electrical safety, preventing electric shock hazards by diverting fault currents safely away from individuals and into the ground. Effective jordingsmåte ensures that in the event of an insulation failure or short circuit, the voltage rise on exposed conductive parts remains at a safe level.

There are several common jordingsmåte employed in electrical installations. One prevalent method is the TN system, which includes sub-types like TN-S, TN-C, and TN-C-S. In these systems, the neutral conductor and the protective earth conductor are connected at the source of supply. Another system is the TT system, where the neutral conductor and the protective earth conductor are kept separate throughout the installation, with the earth electrode being independent of the supply earth electrode. The IT system is characterized by its high impedance to earth, either with the live conductors insulated from earth or with an impedance connection to earth.

The choice of jordingsmåte depends on various factors, including the type of electrical installation, local regulations, and the specific safety requirements of the application. Proper implementation of the chosen jordingsmåte involves selecting appropriate earthing electrodes, conductors, and ensuring low earth resistance through methods like burying electrodes or using conductive grids. Regular testing and maintenance are essential to verify the integrity and effectiveness of the jordingsmåte over time.