Jainizm

Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that offers a path to spiritual purity and liberation from the cycle of rebirth. It emphasizes the principle of ahimsa, or non-violence, towards all living beings. Jains believe that every living soul is equal and capable of achieving perfection. The core tenets of Jainism revolve around the Three Jewels: right faith, right knowledge, and right conduct. Right faith means accepting the teachings of the Tirthankaras, enlightened beings who have attained liberation. Right knowledge involves understanding the true nature of reality and the soul. Right conduct encompasses living a life of ethical principles, including non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possession.

Jainism traces its origins to Rishabhanatha, the first Tirthankara. The most recent and prominent Tirthankara was Mahavira, who lived in the 6th century BCE. He is considered the 24th and last Tirthankara of the current cosmic cycle. Jainism is characterized by its ascetic practices, with monks and nuns dedicating their lives to rigorous spiritual discipline, including fasting, meditation, and renunciation. Lay followers also adhere to a set of ethical guidelines and practice devotion. Jain philosophy posits that the universe is eternal and uncreated, and that liberation is achieved through self-effort, without the need for divine intervention. The ultimate goal is moksha, the release of the soul from karmic bondage and its attainment of omniscience and bliss. Jain temples are places of worship and are often adorned with intricate carvings and sculptures. The religion has a significant following, primarily in India.