Itsemurha

Itsemurha, literally "self-murder" in Finnish, refers to a self-inflicted death enacted deliberately by an individual. It is a sensitive and complex public health issue, influenced by biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors. Suicide rates show variation by age, gender, and region, and certain groups—such as adolescents and older adults—may be disproportionately affected. Accurate information and respectful dialogue are important to reduce stigma and support prevention.

Risk factors include diagnosed mental disorders (notably depression and bipolar disorder), harmful substance use, previous suicide attempts, chronic illness or pain, job loss, social isolation, trauma, and family history of self-harm. Protective factors include access to mental health care, strong social and family support, effective coping skills, cultural and religious beliefs discouraging suicide, and timely crisis intervention.

In Finnish, itsemurha is the standard term for the act; non-fatal self-harm is discussed separately. Media coverage and public discourse influence risk by shaping public attitudes. Responsible reporting emphasizes facts, avoids sensationalism, and provides information on support resources.

Prevention involves multiple levels: improving mental health care access, early detection and treatment of mental illness, reducing access to common lethal means, crisis intervention services, and postvention support for those affected by a suicide. People who have attempted suicide require ongoing follow-up and continuity of care.

If you are in Finland and in immediate danger, dial 112. For confidential help, contact local health services or crisis lines or organizations specializing in mental health support. Resources exist to provide information, counseling, and referrals to professional care.