Isomelic

Isomelic is a term used in teratology, the study of birth defects, to describe a condition where a fetus has a limb that is abnormally short or underdeveloped. It is a type of limb deficiency. The term is derived from the Greek words "isos," meaning equal, and "melos," meaning limb. In the context of isomelic, it refers to a situation where the affected limb appears to be present but is significantly reduced in size and may lack some or all of its normal structures, such as digits.

Isomelic limb deficiency can affect any of the four limbs and can occur unilaterally or bilaterally. The severity can vary greatly, ranging from mild shortening to the absence of a substantial portion of the limb. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic abnormalities, exposure to teratogens during pregnancy (substances that can cause birth defects), or problems with blood supply to the developing limb.

Diagnosing isomelic limb deficiency typically involves prenatal ultrasound examinations. If identified, further investigation may be conducted to determine the underlying cause and assess the overall health of the fetus. Management and treatment depend on the specific presentation and any associated conditions, and may involve surgical interventions, prosthetic fitting, or therapies aimed at maximizing functional independence.