Ishlanganida

Ishlanganida is a grammatical form in Uzbek used to introduce a temporal clause meaning “at the time when it was done” or “when the work was completed.” The form is built from the passive participle ishlangan, meaning “made” or “completed,” combined with the time-marker suffix -da to indicate a specific moment in time. The resulting ishlanganida signals that the action described in the main clause is related to the moment of the completed action in the subordinate clause.

In usage, ishlanganida commonly introduces a subordinate clause that specifies when an event occurred. It can appear before or after the main clause, and its interpretation can reflect simultaneity or anteriority depending on context. The construction is predominantly found in formal or literary Uzbek and is typical in historical narration, technical descriptions, and other contexts where precise timing is important. In everyday speech, speakers may opt for simpler temporal expressions, but ishlanganida remains a standard option in written Uzbek.

Morphology and meaning are tied to a passive nuance: the event described in the subordinate clause is treated as having been carried out (by an unspecified agent) and then related to the main clause’s timing. As a result, ishlanganida emphasizes the state or result of the action at a particular moment rather than the actor.

See also: Uzbek grammar, participial constructions, temporal clauses.