Interstitiainentulehdus

Interstitiainentulehdus, known in Finnish as interstitial nephritis, is a kidney disorder characterized by inflammation of the interstitial tissue surrounding the renal tubules. This condition can impair kidney function and, if left untreated, may lead to chronic kidney disease or renal failure.

The primary causes of interstitiainentulehdus include hypersensitivity reactions to medications, infections, autoimmune diseases, and exposure to toxins. Common medications associated with drug-induced interstitial nephritis include certain antibiotics (such as penicillins and rifampicin), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and some diuretics. Infections like bacterial or viral illnesses can also trigger the inflammation.

Symptoms of interstitiainentulehdus are often nonspecific and may include fever, rash, flank pain, hematuria (blood in urine), and signs of impaired kidney function such as fatigue, swelling, and changes in urine output. However, some individuals may be asymptomatic, with the condition only identified through blood or urine tests.

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, blood tests, urinalysis, and renal imaging. A definitive diagnosis is often confirmed via kidney biopsy, revealing characteristic inflammatory infiltrates in the interstitial tissue.

Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause, such as discontinuing offending medications or treating infections. Corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents may be prescribed in more severe or autoimmune-related cases. Kidney function recovery depends on the extent of inflammation and promptness of treatment.

Preventative measures include careful medication management and monitoring in at-risk populations. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to improve outcomes and prevent progression to chronic renal impairment.