Infrapunaandureid

Infrapunaandureid, also known as infrared sensors, are devices that detect infrared radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation invisible to the human eye. They operate by sensing the heat emitted by objects. Different types of infrared sensors exist, including passive infrared (PIR) sensors and active infrared (AIR) sensors. PIR sensors detect radiation emitted by a heat source, while AIR sensors emit their own infrared beam and detect its reflection off an object.

These sensors find widespread application in various fields. In security systems, PIR sensors are commonly used to detect the presence of intruders by sensing body heat. In home automation, they control lighting and climate based on occupancy. In industry, infrared sensors are used for non-contact temperature measurement, quality control, and detecting leaks in pipelines. They are also employed in automotive systems for adaptive cruise control and collision avoidance.

The principle behind infrared detection often involves a thermopile or a pyroelectric crystal. When infrared radiation strikes these materials, they generate a small electrical voltage proportional to the intensity of the radiation. This electrical signal is then processed by associated electronics to determine the presence, temperature, or movement of an object. The sensitivity and range of infrared sensors can vary significantly depending on their design and application.